Debian

How to Install MongoDB on Debian 12

How to Install MongoDB on Debian 12

MongoDB is a renowned free-to-use NoSQL database for storing and handling immense amounts of structured and unstructured data. It stores data in adaptable JSON-like documents by utilizing the document-oriented model. It is a popular choice for building scalable and flexible applications because it manages data and high traffic loads by distributing data across multiple servers.

MongoDB offers extensive official support for numerous platforms, such as Windows, macOS, containers, as well as Linux distributions including Debian 12. This write-up will demonstrate the detailed MongoDB installation method along with its usage on Debian 12.

Outline

How to Install MongoDB on Debian 12

You can install the MongoDB on your Debian 12 system from the official MongoDB repository by importing/adding it to your system. This method installs the up-to-date version of MongoDB with all the latest features. You can go through the step-by-step instructions to install MongoDB on Debian 12:

Step 1: Update Debian System

Before installing MongoDB on Debian 12, make sure to refresh your system’s packages as:

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Step 2: Install Required Dependencies

Then, install the following necessary dependencies on your Debian 12 system:

sudo apt install curl gnupg

Step 3: Import MongoDB GPG Key

Next, import the MongoDB GPG key on your Debian system through the given command:

curl -fsSL https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-7.0.asc | sudo gpg -o /usr/share/keyrings/mongodb-server-7.0.gpg --dearmor

Step 4: Add MongoDB Repository to Debian 12

After that, add/import the official MongoDB repository to the Debian 12 system:

echo "deb [ signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/mongodb-server-7.0.gpg ] http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/debian bookworm/mongodb-org/7.0 main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-7.0.list

Step 5: Refresh System Packages

To implement new changes, you are also required to update your system repository:

sudo apt update

Step 6: Install MongoDB on Debian 12

Now, write out the following command to install MongoDB along with additional packages on Debian 12 from the official repository:

sudo apt install mongodb-org -y

Step 7: Ensure MongoDB Installation

Finally, display the MongoDB version to confirm its installation of the Debian 12 system:

mongod --version

How to Manage MongoDB Service on Debian 12

After the installation of MongoDB on your Debian 12 system, you can manage its services to control the accessibility of the database and ensure its security. Managing the MongoDB services involves starting, stopping, restarting, enabling, and disabling MongoDB services.

You can manage your MongoDB services on the Debian 12 system as

Start MongoDB Service

Usually, the MongoDB services start after its installation on the Debian system. However, you can start it manually using the given command:

sudo systemctl start mongod

Enable MongoDB Service

If you want MongoDB services to start automatically whenever the system boots up, utilize the below-mentioned command:

sudo systemctl enable mongod

Disable MongoDB Service

To stop/prevent MongoDB services from initiating automatically when the Debian system boots up, type the following command:

sudo systemctl disable mongod

Stop MongoDB Service

To immediately stop the MongoDB service on the Debian system, run the provided command:

sudo systemctl stop mongod

Restart MongoDB Service

You can also restart the MongoDB service as below:

sudo systemctl restart mongod

Display Status of MongoDB Service

If you want to view or display the MongoDB service’s status, you can utilize the below-listed command:

sudo systemctl status mongod

The output shows the MongoDB service’s information:

How to Use MongoDB on Debian 12

You can use MongoDB through its command-line interface i.e. MongoDB shell. For this purpose, you must connect to the MongoDB server and access the MongoDB shell. Then, you will be able to perform various operations, such as viewing, creating, and using MongoDB databases, managing collections, and many more. Go through the following steps to use MongoDB on Debian 12:

Connect to the MongoDB Server

To interact with MongoDB, connect to the MongoDB server using the provided command:

mongosh

As you can see, the MongoDB shell has been started:

Display All MongoDB Databases

To display all the available MongoDB databases, enter the given command:

show dbs

Switch or Create a Database

If you want to create a new MongoDB database or switch to the specific existing database, execute the “use <database-name>” command and specify the desired database name:

use DebianDB

Create MongoDB Collection (Table)

To create a MongoDB collection (table) in the database, utilize the “db.createCollection(“<collection-name>”)” command:

db.createCollection("TechAuthors")

Show All Collections (Tables)

You can display all the MongoDB collections via the below “show” command:

show collections

Insert Value in MongoDB Collection

If you want to insert values in the specific MongoDB collection/table, you can do it as follows:

db.TechAuthors.insert({ 'name': 'John', 'category': 'Linux', 'experience': 6})

Display MongoDB Collection’s Data

To display all the data of the MongoDB collection, type out the given command:

db.TechAuthors.find()

Delete Data From the MongoDB Collection

If you want to delete the specific data of the MongoDB collection, utilize the “db.TechAuthors.remove()” command and specify the required condition:

db.TechAuthors.remove({name: 'John'})

Delete MongoDB Database

To delete the current MongoDB database, write out the following command:

db.dropDatabase()

Exit MongoDB Shell

You can close the current MongoDB shell session as:

quit()

How to Configure MongoDB Security on Debian 12

By default, MongoDB doesn’t have authentication enabled which means anyone can access it and connect to the server without a password. Therefore, you should configure your MongoDB security with the username and password on your Debian system to protect your data, prevent unauthorized access, and maintain privacy.

Here are the steps to configure MongoDB security on your system:

Step 1: Enable Authorization

First, open the MongoDB configuration file i.e., “/etc/mongod.conf” with sudo privileges:

sudo nano /etc/mongod.conf

In the “/etc/mongod.conf” file, find the line that starts with “#security” and uncommit it by removing the “#” with it. Then, add the provided line below it:

authorization: enabled

Save the file and close the nano editor by pressing “CTRL + S” and “CTRL + X” respectively.

Step 2: Restart MongoDB Service

After that, you need to restart the MongoDB service to implement changes:

sudo systemctl restart mongod

Step 3: Access MongoDB Shell

Then, connect to the MongoDB server and access the MongoDB shell through the below-listed command:

mongosh

Step 4: Switch to Admin Database

Now, switch to the “admin” database via the “use” command for creating a new user:

use admin

Step 5: Create a New User

To create a new user in the database, utilize the “db.createUser()” command and specify the username, password, and its role as seen below:

db.createUser(
{
user: "LWadmin",
pwd: "pass123",
roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" } ]
}
)

Step 6: Close MongoDB Shell

Next, use the provided command to exit the MongoDB Shell:

quit()

Step 7: Test MongoDB Authentication

Finally, connect to the MongoDB with the new user to ensure its authentication. After executing the below command, you will be asked to enter the password. Enter the desired password that you have set for this user:

mongo --port 27017 --authenticationDatabase "admin" -u "LWadmin" -p

The output indicates that we have successfully connected to the MongoDB server with the new username and password:

How to Uninstall MongoDB on Debian 12

If you do not want to use MongoDB on the Debian 12 system, you can completely remove/uninstall it via the given command:

sudo apt autoremove mongodb-org -y

You should also remove the added GPG key and MongoDB repository from your Debian 12 system:

sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-7.0.list && sudo rm /usr/share/keyrings/mongodb-server-7.0.gpg

That was all about installing and managing MongoDB on Debian 12.

Note: You can also check out the official MongoDB documentation for more details.

Sum Up

To install the latest version of MongoDB on Debian 12, add the official MongoDB repository to your Debian system. You will get the up-to-date version of MongoDB directly from the source with all the latest features and updates. You can use MongoDB for creating and managing databases, documents, and collections/tables. This guide has explained the method to install, manage, use, manage as well as remove MongoDB on Debian 12.

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